The book addresses the period that runs from the second half of the 19th century, when the State launched the process of territorial occupation of La Araucanía (1862-1883), until the end of the 1950s, in the years prior to the agrarian reform. It thus includes a long cycle in which the structural conditions did not allow the conflicts generated by land ownership and the colonization of La Araucanía to break out, leaving the hegemonic and identity conflicts generated in specific spaces of modernization and colonization moderately subdued. of the Mapuche territory.
El presente artículo tiene por objeto describir y analizar las estrategias de los patrones de fundo de la zona centro-sur de Chile para enfrentar a sus trabajadores movilizados durante la reforma agraria. Se analiza la composición tradicional del mundo rural, los cambios producidos en distintos momentos del escenario sociopolítico y la organización sindical y gremial de trabajadores y dueños de fundo como factores claves en la elaboración de estrategias terratenientes. Entre ellas, se destacan acciones inéditas, como la unidad gremial, un discurso contrario pero propositivo frente a la reforma agraria, la búsqueda de acuerdos con el movimiento campesino, la constitución de una alianza con el sector superior del inquilinaje y el recurso jurídico, sin perder de vista el ejercicio de la violencia. A partir de la revisión de fuentes bibliográficas, documentales y archivísticas, se amplía la mirada respecto del período reformista, tradicionalmente centrada en la lucha interclasista y el enfrentamiento político y laboral, incorporando ahora a este relato historiográfico variables de negociación, coalición y modernización. ; The object of this article is to describe and analyze the strategies landowners used against mobilized workers in south-central Chile during the agrarian reform. Key aspects analyzed in the development of landowner strategies include the traditional composition of the rural world, the changes occurring in the socio-political panorama over time, as well as workers' unions and landowner organizations. Along with the potential for violence, unusual actions included patron organization unity, a propositional discourse opposing agrarian reform, a search for agreements with the peasant movement, and the establishment of an alliance with higher-level legal and tenant resources. A review of bibliographic, documentary and archival sources offers greater understanding of the reformist period. It has traditionally been conceptualized through a historiographic narrative of interclass struggles and political and labor confrontation, but here incorporates variables that include negotiation, coalitions and modernization.
